Alfaro was born in (Logroño - Spain). Following the example of his brother, in 1864 he took the religious habit in the convent of the Augustinian Recollects of Monteagudo. Posted in Philippines, in 1871 he was ordained a priest, and there he did his first apostolic works.The provincial chapter of 1885 f.Ezechiele appointed Prior of the convent of Monteagudo. No one better than him, a missionary of great experience with a halo of a saint, could stir the hearts of young love for missions. Completion of their term, offered as a volunteer to restore the Augustinian Order in Colombia. His first goal will be to restore the religious observance in the community. He was convinced that only good men can be true apostles, and he was burning to reactivate the mission of Casanare, where the Augustinian Recollects had taught the Gospel for many years.
In 1893, famous now for his missionary zeal and his virtues, was appointed Vicar Apostolic of Casanare, and two years later Bishop of Pasto. In the new mission waiting for difficult situations and to love: humiliation, ridicule, slander, persecution and even abandonment by his immediate superior. Friend of truth and of the souls entrusted to him, did not hesitate to endanger his life for his sheep, like the good shepherd. On the occasion of a controversy stirred up around him for the firmness with which he defended the faith, took advantage of the visit ad Limina in 1898 to present the resignation to Pope Leo XIII. The pope, however, did not accept it. He returned to his diocese in which the expected horrors of a ruthless civil war. In 1905 he was suffering from a cruel disease that will savor every last drop the cup of sorrow. He returned to Spain to undergo several operations to conform more to Christ, refused anesthesia, enduring pain without complaint and with an heroic fortitude as well as to move the surgeon and his assistants. Knowing that he was near death, he wanted to spend the last days of his life in his beloved monastery of Monteagudo. He died August 19, 1906. He was buried at the foot of the altar of the church of Our Lady of the Way.
Paul VI beatified him on November 1, 1975 Holy Year. He was canonized in the city of Santo Domingo on October 11, 1992 by John Paul II presented to the world as an example of a pastor and missionary in the fifth centenary of the evangelization of America.
Sunday, October 28, has lived a great event and the Augustinian Church: 498 Spanish martyrs were beatified in the twentieth century by Cardinal Jose Saraiva Martins (Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints), St. Peter's Square, Rome. All of these martyrs were victims of persecution against the Christian faith during the Spanish Civil War and the years that preceded. From 1934 to 1939, especially in the last three years, the victims were counted more than 7,000 priests, monks and nuns, and lay more than 3,500. 98 of the Augustinians were beatified - the 155 who lost their lives during those years. About 40,000 relatives, comrades, friends and brothers of faith have found themselves in St. Peter's Square for the celebration. Were also many belonging to religious institutions from which came the martyrs. There were representatives of the four provinces of Spain along with other Augustinian Augustinians of other countries and districts. The Augustinian martyrs belonged mainly to the Augustinian Province of Madrid and the Escorial (68) and the Augustinian Province of Spain (29). Another, at the hour of death, resided in the Monastery of the Escorial, but belonged to the Province of Chile The age of the martyrs ranged as follows: 12 were still under the age of 20, 19 had 20 to 30 years, 17 had 30 to 40 years, 19 had 40-50 years, 18 had 50 to 60 years, and 13 had 60 to 70 years. The community was one of the more martyrs "Monasterio de El Escorial." He followed that of the Monastery of Uclés (Cuenca), the "House-Enfermería" in Caudete (Albacete), the "convent" of Gijón, Santander and Malaga.
He was born in Buenavista de Valdavia (Palencia - Spain) in a modest family of farmers. At age 15 she entered the convent of Valladolid, where he took his first vows in 1897, then moved to the La Vid (Burgos), where he completed his studies and celebrated the first Mass in 1904. Teacher and trainer in the same houses in which it was formed in 1922 was appointed Prior in Valladolid in 1932 and Provincial. In this latter capacity he promptly visited by his religious renewal in the Philippines, China, United States, Colombia and Peru. He was distinguished for his love of harmony without betraying the discipline.
In 1935 he was appointed Bishop of Teruel. I came to give his life for my sheep, said in making his entrance in the diocese. Shortly after the Civil War broke out and Teruel became one of the points where the struggle was harder. The city, situated on the line of fire, was besieged, but he decided to remain in his seat, the side of my sheep. Even if one person remained in the city, the bishop would still have his flock. He had been in for all "Father Polanco ", not only because he is religious, but also because the population was a real father and a good shepherd.
On 8 January 1938, when the city was subjugated by the military republican, gave the dress wearing the insignia of Augustine and the pectoral cross and episcopal ring. In prison, had to endure strong pressure to withdraw its signature from the Spanish episcopate collective letter, in which international public opinion denounced the religious persecution that the Church had made a sign. He knew that the firm, in those times, involved a great risk of death, however, accepted the danger to loyalty to the ecclesial communion with his brothers in the episcopate. Together with his vicar-general Philippe Ripoll, patiently endured imprisonment in which he was held for thirteen months, encouraging fellow prisoners and organizing an intense spiritual life, with piety and practices of meditation, and with him was shot in 1939 and burned on Feb. 7, marks the day when His feast. The mortal remains of two men, who were beatified by Pope John Paul II on 1 October 1995, now rest in the Cathedral of Teruel. Philip Bishop Polanco and Ripoll were beatified by Pope John Paul II, October 1, 1995. His liturgical memorial of Blessed Anselmo Polanco falls on February 7.
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